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Definition - Noun
1  : unsoundness of mind or lack of the ability to understand that prevents one from having the mental capacity required by law to enter into a particular relationship, status, or transaction or that releases one from criminal or civil responsibility: as
a  : a disease, defect, or condition of the mind that renders one unable to understand the nature of a criminal act or the fact that it is wrong or to conform one's conduct to the requirements of the law being violated
b  : inability to understand and participate in legal proceedings brought against one
: See also incompetence
c  : inability to understand the nature and purpose of a punishment (as the death penalty) to which one has been sentenced
d  : inability to understand the nature and consequences of one's acts (as making a will) or of events, matters, or proceedings in which one is involved
see also commitment durham rule irresistible impulse test m'naghten test not guilty by reason of insanity substantial capacity test
compare capacity competency competent diminished capacity sanity
2  : the affirmative defense of having acted while insane

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Based on Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Law ©2001. Merriam-Webster, Incorporated Published under license with Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. http://www.m-w.com