Divorce in North Dakota

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  • Residency Requirements and Grounds for Divorce

  • Dividing the Property

  • Alimony

  • Child Custody and Visitation

  • Child Support


    Residency Requirements and Grounds for Divorce

    You must be a resident of North Dakota for at least six months prior to filing for a divorce. If you have not been a resident of North Dakota for six months prior to filing for a divorce, you may be granted a divorce if you have been a resident of North Dakota for six months prior to the entry of the divorce decree.

    If the nonfiling spouse is a resident of North Dakota, you must file for divorce in the county where the nonfiling spouse lives. If the nonfiling spouse is not a resident of North Dakota, you may file in any county that you designate in the summons. The legal process begins when you file a complaint for divorce in the district court of the appropriate county.

    A divorce may be granted on any of the following grounds:

    • AdulteryExtreme cruelty
    • Willful desertion
    • Willful neglect
    • Abuse of alcohol or controlled substances
    • Conviction of a felony
    • Irreconcilable differences


    Dividing the Property

    North Dakota is an "equitable distribution" state. Equitable distribution is the division of property and debts in a fair, but not necessarily equal, manner between the spouses. All of each spouse's property, including gifts, inheritances and any property acquired prior to the marriage, is equitably distributed as the court determines is just and proper.

    The court may redistribute property in a post judgment proceeding if one spouse failed to disclose property or debts. The court may also redistribute property if one spouse fails to comply with the terms of the court order distributing property and debts.

    It is important to collect all the information you can about all your property, including when you purchased it, approximately how much it is worth and details such as account numbers, serial numbers and so forth. Collecting this information before you see a North Dakota divorce lawyer can save you a lot of time and money.


    Alimony

    The court can order either party to make allowances for the support of the other spouse. These payments may be for life or for a shorter period. The court considers all of the circumstances of the spouses when making a determination about spousal support or alimony.

    The court may award one spouse to pay temporary support to the other spouse while the divorce is pending. You must file an application with the court in order for the court to make the temporary award.


    Child Custody and Visitation

    In North Dakota, the court will make child custody decisions based upon the best interests and welfare of the child. There is no presumption as to whether the mother or father will better promote the best interest and welfare of the child. The best interests and welfare of the child is determined by the court's consideration and evaluation of the following factors:

    • The love, affection and other emotional ties existing between the parents and child
    • The capacity and disposition of the parents to give the child love, affection and guidance and to continue the education of the child
    • The disposition of the parents to provide the child with food, clothing, medical care or other remedial care
    • The length of time the child has lived in a stable, satisfactory environment and the desirability of maintaining continuity
    • The permanence of the proposed existing custodial home
    • The moral fitness of the parents
    • The mental and physical health of the parents
    • The home, school and community record of the child
    • The preference of the child, if the child is of sufficient maturity to express a preference
    • Evidence of domestic violence
    • The interaction and interrelationship of the child with any person who resides in or frequents the household
    • The making of any false accusations by one parent against the other
    • Any other relevant factors

    The court usually grants the noncustodial parent rights of visitation so that the child and the noncustodial parent may maintain a parent-child relationship that is beneficial to the child, unless the court finds that the visitation is likely to endanger the child's physical or emotional health.

    You may seek a modification of the custody award if you can show that there has been a change of circumstances that affects the best interests of the child and requires a change in custody.


    Child Support

    In North Dakota, either parent or both parents may be ordered by the court to pay child support. The amount awarded is based on consideration of the amount needed to give the child support and education suitable to the child's circumstances. There are specific child support guidelines that the court considers. Child support orders are reviewed every three years.

    Related Web Links:
    - North Dakota Divorce Forms
    - North Dakota Domestic Relations and Persons
    - North Dakota Child Support Calculator
    - North Dakota Child Support Enforcement
    - North Dakota State Profile
    - Family Law: Selecting a Good Lawyer
    - Divorce - General message board for more help
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