Divorce in Delaware

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  • Residency Requirements and Grounds for Divorce

  • Dividing the Property

  • Alimony

  • Child Custody and Visitation

  • Child Support


    Residency Requirements and Grounds for Divorce

    Either you or your spouse may file for a divorce in Delaware after either one of you actually reside in Delaware, or are stationed in Delaware as a member of the armed services, continuously for six or more months just prior to the divorce action. The legal divorce process begins when one spouse files the papers for dissolution of marriage in a county where either spouse resides.

    The only ground available to you when seeking a divorce in Delaware is based on your marriage being irretrievably broken and improbable reconciliation. A divorce based on irretrievable breakdown of the marriage means that there is no reasonable hope that the marriage can continue.

    To receive a court-approved divorce it is not necessary to show that either one of the parties was at fault in the breakdown of the marriage. In order to prove that you qualify for a divorce you must prove one of the following:

    • Voluntary separation
    • Separation caused by the other spouse's misconduct
    • Separation caused by the other spouse's mental illness
    • Separation caused by incompatibility


    Dividing the Property

    In Delaware, assets and debts acquired during your marriage - called "marital property" - will be divided "equitably" when you divorce. In making its equitable distribution awards, the courts are not only authorized to make monetary awards to one of the spouses but may also divide or order sold or transfer jointly owned marital property to one of the spouses.

    The court is not required to divide the marital property on an equal basis but rather, in deciding what an equitable division of marital property should be, it considers various factors, including the relative monetary and non-monetary contributions of each spouse to the well being of the family and to the acquisition and care of the marital property.

    "Separate property" is retained by the owning spouse. Separate property includes the following:

    • Assets you had before you married if you kept that property separated from property acquired during the marriage
    • Income produced by a separate property investment as long as it hasn't been "commingled" - mixed together with marital property
    • Property you inherited from your family during your marriage if it was willed exclusively to you and you did not commingle it with marital property during the marriage

    It is important to collect all the information you can about all your property, including when you purchased it, approximately how much it is worth and details such as account numbers, serial numbers and so forth. Collecting this information before you see a Delaware divorce lawyer can save you a lot of time and money.


    Alimony

    A court can order alimony for either spouse only if that spouse is a dependant upon the other spouse for support, lacks sufficient property to provide for his or her reasonable needs and is unable to support himself or herself through appropriate employment or is the custodian of a child whose condition or circumstances make it appropriate that he or she not be required to look for employment.

    If the court finds that one spouse is dependant upon the other spouse, the court will then considers various factors, including those listed below, in order to determine the amount and duration of alimony:

    • Financial resources of person seeking alimony
    • Time necessary and expense required to gain sufficient education or training to enable party seeking alimony to find appropriate employment
    • Standard of living established during the marriage
    • Duration of the marriage
    • Age, physical and emotional condition of both parties
    • Financial or other contribution made by either person to the education, training, vocational skills, career or earning capacity of the other person
    • Ability of other person to meet his or her needs while paying alimony
    • Tax consequences
    • Whether either person has foregone or postponed economic, education or other employment opportunities during the marriage

    Marital misconduct is not considered by the court when it is making an alimony determination. The duration of alimony is not to exceed 50% of the term of the marriage, unless marriage lasted for 20 years or longer.

    Once alimony is ordered, it can be modified only upon a showing of a real and substantial change of circumstances. However, alimony automatically ends upon the death of either person or the remarriage or cohabitation of the party receiving alimony, unless you and your spouse have a written agreement stating otherwise.


    Child Custody and Visitation

    In Delaware, the court will make legal child custody and residential arrangements for a child based upon what is in the best interests of the child. In determining the best interests of the child, the court considers all relevant factors including:

    • The wishes of the child's parent or parents
    • The wishes of the child as to his or her custodian and residential arrangements
    • The child's interaction with family members
    • The child's adjustment to his or her home, school and community
    • The mental and physical health of all individuals involved
    • Past and present compliance by both parents with their rights and responsibilities to their child
    • Evidence of domestic violence
    • Criminal history of any party or any other resident of the household

    The court determines whether the parents will have joint legal custody of the child or one of them will have sole legal custody of the child, with which parent the child shall primarily reside and a schedule of visitation with the other parent, which is consistent with the child's best interests and maturity. The court makes these decisions to permit and encourage the child to have frequent and meaningful contact with both parents unless it finds, after a hearing, that contact of the child with one parent would endanger the child's physical health or significantly impair his or her emotional development.

    Under Delaware law, whether parents have joint legal custody or one parent has sole legal custody of a child, each parent has the right to receive, when requested from the other parent, all material information concerning the child's progress in school, medical treatment, school activities and conferences, religious events and other activities in which the child participates. Both parents have a right to attend all these activities. Both parents also have the right to access to the child by phone and mail.

    A child custody order may be modified only if an application for modification is filed within two years after the court's most recent order regarding custody and the court determines that the continuing enforcement of the prior order may endanger the child's physical health or significantly impair his or her emotional development. If the application for modification if filed more than two years after the court's most recent order, the court may modify the custody after considering whether any harm is likely to be caused to the child by a modification of the prior order and whether that harm is outweighed by the advantages of a modification.

    Visitation is generally set by the court for a noncustodial parent if both parents cannot agree on a visitation schedule. Where the court is left to set visitation, it is normally scheduled as every other weekend, one night per week, and alternating holidays and school vacations, including summer vacations. A visitation order may be modified at any time if it would be in the best interest of the child.


    Child Support

    The Delaware Child Support Formula, also called the Melson formula, is used to set the amount of the support order. The Formula is based on both parents' incomes and the needs of the child. The amount set by the formula may be challenged and a different amount may be ordered if there are special circumstances.

    A non-custodial parent may expect to pay child support until the child is the 18 years of age; or, if the child is still in high school until the child graduates or attains age 19, whichever occurs first. A Delaware child support order can be modified if it is in the best interests of a child.

    Parents who fail to pay support may be charged with contempt of court, and other remedies such as incarceration or license suspension may be ordered.

    Related Web Links:
    - Delaware Family Court
    - Delaware Domestic Relations
    - Delaware Child Support Calculator
    - Delaware Division of Child Support Enforcement
    - Delaware State Profile
    - Family Law: Selecting a Good Lawyer
    - Divorce - General message board for more help
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